The Guardian Council’s Oversight of Legislative Enactments and Their Annulment (With Emphasis on Article 1309 of the Civil Code)
Keywords:
Annulment, Guardian Council, Jurisdiction, Constitution, Legal approvals, SupervisionAbstract
The Guardian Council—without which the Islamic Consultative Assembly (Parliament) lacks legal validity—was established to safeguard the provisions of Islam and the Constitution. Since this safeguarding includes various stages and even extends to executive matters and practical supervision, the Constitution limits this function solely to verifying the conformity of parliamentary enactments with Islamic rulings or the Constitution, and not to nullifying them. The present article, adopting a descriptive-analytical approach and utilizing a library-based research method, aims to examine the supervisory function of the Guardian Council by addressing the question: What is the legal basis for the Guardian Council's supervisory duties in assessing the conformity of prior and subsequent laws with Sharia and the Constitution, and for their annulment? Given that the annulment of laws without defining a replacement leads to societal disorder and confusion, this study proposes the reinstatement of Article 1309 of the Civil Code as a legal innovation. Such reinstatement may contribute to promoting the rule of law, reducing governmental costs, and preventing disruptions in public order.
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