مطالعه تطبیقی موانع پرداخت ثمن در حقوق ایران و بیع بین المللی
کلمات کلیدی:
بایع , موانع پرداخت ثمن , مشتری, تعهدات, حقوق ایران , بیع بین المللیچکیده
هرچند تاکنون در خصوص ثمن و شیوههای پرداخت آن، مقالات مختلفی به رشته تحریر آمده لیکن از منظر آسیب شناسی در مورد موانع پرداخت اقدام موثری صورت نگرفته لذا رویکرد اصلی این مقاله بررسی موانع پرداخت ثمن در حقوق ایران و بیع بین المللی است و همچنین پاسخ به این پرسش اساسی که شناخت این موانع چه تاثیری در عملکرد متعاملین در اصل لزوم و صحت قرارداد دارد؟ به استناد بند 1 ماده 362 قانون مدنی (به مجرد وقوع بیع مشتری مالک مبیع و بایع مالک ثمن میشود.) که از آثار بیع صحیح است و این تثبیت مالکیت مبیع و ثمن برای متعاملین (هم در بیع داخلی و هم در بیع بین المللی) بایستی مستمر و دائمی باشد. بنابراین،"ثمن" با "مبیع" مبادله میشود و مشتری ملزم به تادیه و اجرای تعهد است. فلذا ثمن یکی از دو رکن اصلی عقد بیع میباشد که گاهی با موانعی مواجه میشود و روند اجرای قرارداد را تغییر میدهد که منجر به فسخ، ابطال یا حتی تشکیل قرارداد جدید میشود. این موانع ممکن است اختیاری و با تراضی، اجباری یا قهری، قانونی و یا حتی غیرقابل پیش بینی باشد.
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حق نشر 2025 اکبر لشکری (نویسنده); ابراهیم تقیزاده; علی چهکندینژاد (نویسنده)

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