Place of the Principle of Validity in Unilateral Legal Acts
Keywords:
Contracts, rhythms, principle of validity, divorce, covenantal will, release, covenantAbstract
Unlike contracts, which are bilateral legal acts, unilateral legal acts (īqāʿāt) are performed by a single party. However, if there is doubt about the validity of a unilateral act, can the principle of validity (aṣl al-ṣiḥḥah) be invoked? Does the principle of validity apply to all types of unilateral acts? In response to this question, the researcher—based on library sources and through a descriptive–analytical method—briefly explains unilateral acts and identifies specific instances where the principle may apply. Doubt regarding the validity of a legal act provides a basis for invoking the principle of validity; nevertheless, this principle cannot be universally and unconditionally applied to every legal act. Additionally, legal acts are categorized based on the involvement of parties into contracts (ʿuqūd) and unilateral acts (īqāʿāt). In contracts, due to the bilateral nature, the likelihood of doubt is generally lower.
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