Factors Influencing the Development of a Legal Culture Regarding Civil Liability in Telemedicine
Keywords:
Telemedicine, Civil Liability, Iranian law, Laws of Leading CountriesAbstract
Telemedicine, as one of the emerging technologies in the healthcare domain, has revolutionized the provision of medical services. This technology utilizes advanced communication tools to enable consultation and treatment of patients without requiring physical presence in a clinic or hospital. The advent of new medical service delivery modes such as telemedicine has introduced changes that traditional legal frameworks are unable to adequately address. Although numerous laws, regulations, and legal texts are available in foreign countries, in Iran—considering the utilization of telemedicine in specialized virtual clinics in cooperation with medical universities—it appears necessary to fill the legislative and regulatory gaps and to analyze and clarify the legal aspects of these services. This is particularly crucial because providing services through telemedicine leads to extensive and sometimes complex relationships between patients and service providers. The present study examines the factors that influence the development of a legal culture concerning civil liability arising from telemedicine. The research method is descriptive-survey in terms of data collection. The findings indicate that the factors contributing to the establishment of a legal culture in the field of civil liability related to telemedicine include: the current use of telemedicine by physicians, physicians’ future intention to use telemedicine, physicians’ awareness of telemedicine utilization levels in leading countries, physicians’ opinions on the impact of telemedicine on diagnostic and treatment capabilities, physicians’ readiness to adopt telemedicine, physicians’ familiarity with the legal challenges of telemedicine, awareness of the responsibilities of other involved parties (such as software developers and service providers, hospitals, etc.) in telemedicine, physicians’ knowledge of existing laws related to telemedicine, and the medical community’s desire for the enactment of specific legislation concerning telemedicine.
Downloads
References
Baho, M. (2012). Telemedicine and Criminal Liability Arising from It in the Iranian Legal SystemADVR - Faculty of Law, Shahid Beheshti University
Bakhtiyarvand, M., & Jamali-Nejad, S. (2017). The Role of Competition Law in Improving Public Health. Medical Law Quarterly(42).
Barikloo, A. (2022). Civil Liability. Mizan Legal Foundation.
Bavi, M., & Bahmani, M. (2014). Comparison of Fault in Civil and Criminal Liability. Legal Knowledge and Research(6), 1-26.
Carroll, J., & Gilman, A. (2020). Antitrust and Covid 19 in the U.S. Four Key Issues for Health Care Providers. CPI Antitrust Chronicle.
Charles, P. (2020). Nemeth,Civil Liability of Security Personnel. In Private Security and the Law (pp. 117-190).
Cummings, E. M., Campanella, N., Morosini, P., Sampaolo, G., Catozzo, V., Caso, A., Ferretti, M., Giovagnoli, M., Torniai, M., & Antico, E. (2021). Medical teleconsultation to general practitioners reduces the medical error vulnerability of internal medicine patients. Journal of Eur J Intern Med, 26(9), 675-679. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejim.2015.08.010
Cummings, E. M., Flaga-Gieruszynska, k., Kozybska, M., Osman, T., Radlinska, I., Zabielska, P., Karakiewicz-Krawczyk, K., Jurczak, A., & Karakiewicz, B. (2020). Telemedicine services in the work of a doctor, dentist, nurse and midwife - analysis of legal regulations in Poland and the possibility of their implementation on the example of selected European countries. Journal of Annals of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine, 27(4), 680-688. https://doi.org/10.26444/aaem/116587
De Stefano, G. (2020). Covid 19 and E.U. Competition Law: Bring the Informal Guidance. Journal of European Competition Law and Practice, 3-4. https://doi.org/10.1093/jeclap/lpaa024
Farahmand, M., Rastgar, A., & Najafi, S. (2018). Legal Perspective on Telemedicine as Virtual Reality. Tehran.
Ghahramani Tabar, M., Kheiri, M., Qolipour, M., Masjedi, M., Fadaei Zadeh, L., Sadat Hosseini, M., & Ebrahimi Khamkhami, S. M. (2014). Examining the Status of Telemedicine in Iran Preliminary Experience of Telemedicine at Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences. Fasa, Islamic Azad University, Fasa Branch.
Hadley, E. (2018). Antitrust Laws and Their Effects on Health Care Providers, Insurers and Patients.
Heidari, G., Ameri, P., & Al-Bouyeh, A. (2018). Comparative Study of the Foundations of Civil Liability in Iranian and American Law. Quarterly Journal of International Relations Research, 8(2), 263-292.
Hekmatnia, M. (2012). Civil Liability in Imamiyyah Jurisprudence (Foundations and Structure). Research Institute of Islamic Sciences and Culture.
Jafari Nodoushan, A. A., & Rahmani Menashadi, H. (2024). Civil Liability Arising from Therapeutic Research. Health Law Journal, 2(2), 1-15.
Pour Javaheri, A. (2014). Civil Liability of Physicians (Comparative Study of Physician Liability from the Perspective of Imamiyyah Jurisprudence). Islamic Azad University of Yasuj - Fatemiyeh Publications.
Qajari, A. (2016). Criminal and Civil Liability of Physicians in Medical Operations ADVR - Faculty of Humanities, Islamic Azad University, Hamadan Branch
Qasemzadeh, S. M. (2018). Foundations of Civil Liability. Dadgostar Publications.
Rahpeyk, H. (2016). Civil Liability Law and Compensation (Revised Edition). Khorsandi Publications.
Sadat Akhavi, S. M. (2021). The Basis and Purpose of Physicians' Disciplinary Liability: Ethical Origins and Goals. Medical Law QuarterlyVL - 9(3), 11-52.
Saee, S. M. H., & Saghafi, M. (2014). Study of Telemedicine from a Legal Perspective. Medical Law Quarterly(28), 143-167.
Samavati, A., & Asgari, S. (2019). Criminal Liability of Surgical Teams in Remote and Robotic Surgeries. Theology Letter, 12(47).
Sharifi, S. E. a.-D., & Saghafi, M. (2014). Comparative Study of Coercive Liability of Physicians and Medical Centers in the Legal Systems of Iran and England. Journal of Tarbiat Modares University Publications, 18(1), 49-74.
Tari, Z., Azizi, E., & Shahbazi Nia, M. (2021). Comparative Study of Civil Liability Arising from Nervous Shock in the Legal Systems of Iran and England. Comparative Legal Research, 25(1), 1-27.
Tehrani, S., & Norouzi, M. (2015). Telemedicine: A Review of Advantages, Disadvantages, and Ethical Challenges. Iranian Journal of Medical Ethics and History, 8(2), 29-40.
Yazdanian, A. (2010). Civil Law: Scope of Civil Liability. Aryan Publications.
Downloads
Published
Submitted
Revised
Accepted
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 1403 رضا رستگار, محمدباقر فیجان, داریوش بابایی (نویسنده)
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
