تحلیل تطبیقی نقش نفقه در تضمین امنیت اقتصادی خانواده باتوجه به تحولات اجتماعی-فرهنگی در نظام‌های حقوقی ایران، لبنان و مصر

پرویز  رضایی; فاطمه امیری; غلامرضا  جعفری نیا

Authors

Parviz Rezaei Phd Candidate, Private Law, Bu.C, Islamic Azad University, Bushehr, Iran Author https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0152-3896
Fatemeh Amiri Department of Law and Judicial Sciences, Delv.C., Islamic Azad University, Delvar, Iran https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5202-7251
Gholamreza Jafarinia Department of Sociology, Bu.C, Islamic Azad University, Bushehr, Iran Author https://orcid.org/0009-0001-7219-6319

Keywords:

Alimony (Nafaqah), Family Economic Security, Comparative Law, Social Transformations, Islamic Legal Systems

Abstract

The present study aims to comparatively analyze the role of the institution of maintenance in ensuring the economic security of the family in light of sociocultural developments in the legal systems of Iran, Lebanon, and Egypt. It seeks to assess the effectiveness of this legal institution and identify the challenges associated with its enforcement under contemporary social conditions. This study employs a descriptive-analytical method with a comparative approach. The data were collected through library research and an examination of jurisprudential and legal sources, statutory laws, and scholarly articles. The findings indicate that although the shared jurisprudential foundations of the three countries establish maintenance as the husband’s financial obligation to provide for his wife’s living expenses, differences in legal structures, enforcement mechanisms, and the degree to which legislation has adapted to social transformations have affected the practical effectiveness of this institution. In Iran, the existence of criminal sanctions for failure to provide maintenance; in Lebanon, the confessional structure of religious courts; and in Egypt, legislative reforms in the field of personal status law have each influenced the manner in which this institution is enforced. The study concludes that the institution of maintenance continues to possess significant potential for safeguarding the economic security of the family. However, its full effectiveness requires stronger legal enforcement mechanisms, the revision of the criteria used to determine the amount of maintenance, and the harmonization of relevant regulations with contemporary social and economic developments.

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