مفهوم وضعیت حقوقی عدم نفوذ در عقود

نویسندگان

کلمات کلیدی:

عدم نفوذ, عقود, غیرنافذ

چکیده

عدم نفوذ به­عنوان وصف عقد غیرنافذ و یک ضمانت اجرای مدنی در قانون تعریف نشده و همین امر در کنار سابقه فقهی بحث باعث ایجاد ابهام نسبت به معنای دقیق آن شده است. هدف مقاله حاضر شناسایی دقیق مفهوم وضعیت حقوقی عدم نفوذ در عقود می­باشد. مقاله حاضر توصیفی تحلیلی است. مواد و داده­ها نیز کیفی است و از فیش برداری در گردآوری مطالب و داده­ها استفاده شده است. یافته­ها نشان داد برخلاف تلقی و تصور رایج، وضعیت حقوقی عدم نفوذ محدود به نوع موقوف نبوده و هم در فقه امامیه و هم در حقوق ایران، قسم دیگری از عدم نفوذ را می­توان دید و از طرفی این گستره در معنای اصطلاحی عدم نفوذ هم تاثیر گذار است. نتیجه ­این­که می­توان سه معنا برای ماهیت عدم نفوذ در نظام حقوقی ایران در نظر گرفت. اولا عدم نفوذ در معنای عام خود اعم از بطلان و عدم نفوذ در معنای اصطلاحی است. ثانیا عدم نفوذ در معنای خاص شامل عدم نفوذ موقوف و مراعی می­شود. ثالثا عدم نفوذ معنای اخصی هم دارد و در این معنا، صرفا و تنها شامل قسم رایج از اقسام خود؛ یعنی عدم نفوذ موقوف می­شود.

دانلودها

دسترسی به دانلود اطلاعات مقدور نیست.

مراجع

Abi, F. H. i. A. T. a.-Y. (1996). Kashf al-Rumuz fi Sharh Mukhtasar al-Nafi', Vol. 1 (3rd ed.). Islamic Publications Office.

Abu al-Husayn, A. i. F. i. Z. (1983). Mu'jam Maqayis al-Lughah, Vol. 2 (1st ed.). Office of Qom Seminary.

Adl, M. (2010). Civil Law (Vol. 1st). Khorsandi Publications.

Amid, H. (1998). Amid Persian Dictionary (Vol. 11th). Amirkabir Publications.

Amili, K. M. T. A. i. H. (1993). Jami' al-Maqasid fi Sharh al-Qawa'id, Vols. 5 and 8 (2nd ed.). Al al-Bayt Institute.

Amili, S. A. M. i. M. (1996). Al-Durus al-Shar'iyyah fi Fiqh al-Imamiyyah, Vol. 2 (2nd ed.). Islamic Publications Office.

Amili, S. J. i. M. H. (1998). Miftah al-Karamah fi Sharh Qawa'id al-'Allamah, Vol. 15 (1st ed.). Islamic Publications Office.

Amili, S. T. Z. a.-D. i. A. (1991). Al-Rawdah al-Bahiyyah fi Sharh al-Lum'ah al-Dimashqiyyah, Vol. 2 (1st ed.). Islamic Propagation Office.

Amili, S. T. Z. a.-D. i. A. (1992). Masalik al-Afham ila Tanqih Shara'i' al-Islam, Vols. 3, 5, and 6 (1st ed.). Al-Ma'arif al-Islamiyyah Institute.

Amini, I. (2024). Contract Law (5th ed.). Ganj-e Danesh Publications.

Ansari, M. (1999). Al-Makasib, Vol. 3 (2nd ed.). Majma' al-Fikr al-Islami.

Araki, M. A. (1993). Al-Masa'il al-Wadiha, Vol. 2 (1st ed.). Islamic Propagation Office of Qom Seminary.

Baghdadi, A.-M. M. i. M. i. N. m. a.-U. (1992). Al-Muqni'ah (1st ed.). World Congress of the Millennium of Shaykh Mufid.

Bahrani, M. S. (2008). Sanad al-'Urwah al-Wuthqa: Kitab al-Nikah, Vol. 2 (1st ed.). Maktabat Fadak.

Bahrani, Y. i. A. i. I. A. A. (1984). Al-Hada'iq al-Nadirah fi Ahkam al-'Itrah al-Tahirah, Vol. 22 (1st ed.). Islamic Publications Office.

Behbahani, S. A. (1984). Al-Fawa'id al-'Aliyyah al-Qawa'id al-Kulliyyah, Vol. 2 (2nd ed.). Dar al-'Ilm Library.

Bojnourdi, S. H. i. A. B. M. (1998). Al-Qawa'id al-Fiqhiyyah, Vol. 4 (1st ed.). Al-Hadi.

Boroujerdi Abdeh, M. (2001). Civil Law (1st ed.). Majd Publications.

Dehkhoda, A. A. (1998). Dehkhoda Dictionary, Vol. 13 (2nd ed.). University of Tehran Press.

Emami, S. H. (1992). Civil Law, Vol. 1 (11th ed.). Islamieh Bookstore.

Eshtehardi, A. P. (1996). Madarik al-'Urwah, Vol. 30 (1st ed.). Dar al-Uswah.

Fallahi, A. (2021). Advanced Civil Law: A Comparative Study of Suspensive Legal Status (Vol. 2nd). Majd Publications.

Faq'ani, A. i. A. i. M. i. T. Masa'il Ibn Tayy: Al-Masa'il al-Fiqhiyyah.

Faq'ani, A. i. A. i. M. i. T. (1997). Al-Durr al-Mandud fi Ma'rifat Siyagh al-Niyyat wa al-Iqa'at wa al-'Uqud (1st ed.). Imam al-Asr Scientific Library.

Ghasemi Hamed, A. (2020). Civil Law: Essential Conditions for Formation of Contracts (Vol. 5th). Derak Publications.

Ghasemzadeh, S. M. (2023). Principles of Contracts and Obligations (Vol. 17th). Dadgostar.

Golpayegani, S. M. R. M. (1992). Hidayat al-'Ibad, Vol. 2 (1st ed.). Dar al-Qur'an al-Karim.

Haeri, S. A. i. M. T. (1997). Riyad al-Masa'il, Vol. 10 (1st ed.). Al al-Bayt Institute.

Haeri, S. K. H. (2002). Fiqh al-'Uqud, Vol. 2 (2nd ed.). Islamic Thought Assembly.

Hakim, S. M. T. (1995). Mustamsak al-'Urwah al-Wuthqa, Vol. 14 (1st ed.). Dar al-Tafsir.

Hilli, A. H. i. Y. i. M. a.-A. (1992a). Mukhtalaf al-Shi'ah fi Ahkam al-Shari'ah, Vol. 5 (2nd ed.). Islamic Publications Office.

Hilli, A. H. i. Y. i. M. a.-A. (1992b). Qawa'id al-Ahkam fi Ma'rifat al-Halal wa al-Haram, Vol. 2 (1st ed.). Islamic Publications Office.

Hilli, A. H. i. Y. i. M. a.-A. (1993). Tadhkirat al-Fuqaha, Vol. 10 (1st ed.). Al al-Bayt Institute.

Hilli, A. H. i. Y. i. M. a.-A. (1998). Nihayat al-Ihkam fi Ma'rifat al-Ahkam, Vol. 2 (1st ed.). Al al-Bayt Institute.

Hilli, A. H. i. Y. i. M. a.-A. (1999). Tahrir al-Ahkam al-Shar'iyyah 'ala Madhhab al-Imamiyyah, Vol. 2 (1st ed.). Imam Sadiq Institute.

Hilli, F. a.-M. M. i. H. i. Y. (1967). Idah al-Fawa'id fi Sharh Mushkilat al-Qawa'id, Vol. 2 (1st ed.). Ismailian Institute.

Hilli, M. i. A. A. a.-S. (2004). Kanz al-'Irfan fi Fiqh al-Qur'an, Vol. 2 (1st ed.). Mortazavi Publications.

Hilli, M. N. a.-D. J. i. H. (1987). Shara'i' al-Islam fi Masa'il al-Halal wa al-Haram, Vol. 2 (2nd ed.). Ismailian Institute.

Hilli, M. N. a.-D. J. i. H. (1997). Al-Mukhtasar al-Nafi' fi Fiqh al-Imamiyyah, Vol. 1 (6th ed.). Religious Publications Institute.

Hilli, Y. i. S. i. (1984). Al-Jami' li-l-Shara'i' (1st ed.). Sayyid al-Shuhada Scientific Institute.

Isfahani, M. H. K. (1997). Hashiyat Kitab al-Makasib, Vol. 2 (1st ed.). Anwar al-Huda.

Isfahani, S. A. a.-H. (1973). Wasilat al-Najat (with the Marginalia of Golpayegani), Vol. 2 (1st ed.). Mehr Printing House.

Jafari Langroudi, M. J. (1999). Expanded Legal Terminology, Five-Volume Set (1st ed.). Ganj-e Danesh.

Jafari Langroudi, M. J. (2009). Legal Terminology (22nd ed.). Ganj-e Danesh Library.

Jafari Langroudi, M. J. (2013a). The Effect of Will in Civil Law (3rd ed.). Ganj-e Danesh Library.

Jafari Langroudi, M. J. (2013b). Intermediate Legal Terminology (5th ed.). Ganj-e Danesh Publications.

Jafari Langroudi, M. J. (2016). Course in Civil Law: Law of Obligations (4th ed.). Ganj-e Danesh Publications.

Jafari Langroudi, M. J. (2023). Mortgage and Settlement (7th ed.). Ganj-e Danesh.

Jazairi, S. M. J. M. (1995). Huda al-Talib fi Sharh al-Makasib, Vols. 4 and 7 (1st ed.). Mu'assasat Dar al-Kitab.

Jaziri, A. a.-R., Gharawi, S. M., & Yaser, M. (1998). Al-Fiqh 'ala al-Madhahib al-Arba'ah wa Madhhab Ahl al-Bayt, Vol. 4 (1st ed.). Dar al-Thaqalayn.

Karimi, A. (2012). An Attempt to Systematize the Theory of Suspensive Non-Enforceability. (58), 157-188.

Karimi, A., & Izadpanah, G. (2021). A Comparative Study of Non-Enforceability and Relative Nullity in Iranian and French Law. (8), 280-293.

Karimi, A., & Shabani Kandsari, H. (2017). Suspensive Legal Status as a Status Alongside Validity, Nullity, and Non-Enforceability. 47(4), 683-702.

Karimi, A., & Zamani, M. (2020). Rules and Effects of Suspensive Validity in Legal Acts. (2), 291-318.

Katouzian, N. (1995). Introductory Course in Civil Law: Legal Acts (Vol. 3rd). Enteshar Co. with Bahman Borna Co.

Katouzian, N. (2008). Civil Law: General Theory of Specific Unilateral Legal Acts (Vol. 4th). Mizan.

Katouzian, N. (2021). General Rules of Contracts, Vol. 2 (Vol. 5th). Ganj-e Danesh Library.

Khalkhali, S. M. M. M. (2006). Fiqh al-Shi'ah: Kitab al-Ijarah (1st ed.). Monir Cultural Publishing Center.

Khansari, M. E. Al-Hashiyah al-Ula 'ala al-Makasib.

Khoei, S. A. M. (1997). Mawsu'at al-Imam al-Khoei, Vol. 31 (1st ed.). Institute for Revival of Imam al-Khoei's Works.

Khoei, S. M. T. (1993). Al-Shurut aw al-Iltizamat al-Tab'iyyah fi al-'Uqud, Vol. 1 (1st ed.). Dar al-Mu'arrikh al-Arabi.

Khorasani, A. M. K. i. H. (1992). Kitab fi al-Waqf (1st ed.). Islamic Publications Office.

Khoybari, H., & Razi, P. (2021). A Critique of the Voidability of Contracts in Iranian Law and Its Comparison with Common Law. 8(2), 99-128.

Lankarani, M. F. M. (2003). Tafsil al-Shari'ah fi Sharh Tahrir al-Wasilah: Al-Ijarah (1st ed.). Ahl al-Bayt Jurisprudence Center.

Makarem Shirazi, N. (2003). Kitab al-Nikah, Vol. 2 (1st ed.). Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib School Publications.

Makarem Shirazi, N. (2004). Anwar al-Fiqhahah: Kitab al-Nikah (1st ed.). Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib School Publications.

Moein, M. (2008). Moein Persian Dictionary (Vol. 1st). Milad Publications.

Mohaqeq Damad, S. M., Haghani, S., & Saatchi, A. (2018). Reconsidering the Status of Unopposability of Legal Acts with Reference to French Law. 21(83), 11-34.

Montazeri Najafabadi, H. A. (1994). Dirasat fi al-Makasib al-Muharramah, Vol. 1 (1st ed.). Tafakkor Publishing.

Naini, M. M. H. G. (1992). Al-Makasib wa al-Bay', Vol. 2 (1st ed.). Islamic Publications Office.

Najafi, S. a.-J. M. H. (1983). Jawahir al-Kalam fi Sharh Shara'i' al-Islam, Vols. 25 and 28 (7th ed.). Dar Ihya al-Turath al-Arabi.

Omani, H. i. A. i. A. A. a.-H. (1992). Hayat Ibn Abi Aqil wa Fiqhuhu (1st ed.). Fiqh Lexicon Center.

Sabzevari, S. A. a.-A. l. (1992). Muhadhdhab al-Ahkam, Vol. 24 (4th ed.). Al-Manar Institute.

Safaei, S. H. (1970). Mistake as to the Subject Matter of a Transaction in Iranian and French Law. 87-108.

Safaei, S. H. (2019). Introductory Course in Civil Law, Vol. 2: General Rules of Contracts (Vol. 31st). Mizan.

Safaei, S. H., & Ghasemzadeh, S. M. (2023). Civil Law: Persons and Incapacitated Persons (Vol. 34th). SAMT.

Safaei, S. H., & Hosseini, S. E. (2022). Introductory Course in Civil Law, Vol. 1: Persons and Property (Vol. 32nd). Mizan.

Safaei, S. H., & Javaherkalam, M. H. (2023). Advanced Civil Law, Vol. 1: Security for Debt (Mortgage and Guarantee) (Vol. 3rd). Enteshar Co.

Safaei, S. H., & Javaherkalam, M. H. (2024). Specific Contracts: Gratuitous Contracts (Vol. 1st). Enteshar Co.

Salehi Mazandarani, M., & Mohammadi Mirazizi, P. (2020). The Relationship between an Unopposable Contract and a Suspensively Non-Enforceable Contract. 12(4), 205-234.

Salehi Mazandarani, M., & Mohammadi Mirazizi, P. (2022). Constructive Compulsion in a Negative Covenant Concerning a Legal Act. 14(26), 151-177.

Shahidi, M. (2011). Civil Law 3: Obligations (Vol. 15th). Majd Publications.

Shahidi, M. (2017). Civil Law: Principles of Contracts and Obligations, Vol. 2 (Vol. 7th). Majd Publications.

Shahidi, M. (2021). Civil Law: Formation of Contracts and Obligations, Vol. 1 (Vol. 15th). Majd Publications.

Shayegan, A. (1996). Civil Law (Vol. 1st). Taha Publications.

Shiravi, A. (2023). Contract Law (Vol. 6th). SAMT Publications.

Shirazi, G. A., & Researchers of the Ahl al-Bayt Jurisprudence, C. (2008). Mawsu'at Ahkam al-Atfal wa Adillatiha, Vol. 2 (1st ed.). Ahl al-Bayt Jurisprudence Center.

Tusi, K. N. a.-D. (2005). Jawahir al-Fara'id (1st ed.). Encyclopedia of Islamic Jurisprudence Institute.

Yazdi, S. M. (1995). Kitab al-Salah, Vol. 2 (2nd ed.). Islamic Publications Office.

Yazdi, S. M. K. T. (1998). Al-'Urwah al-Wuthqa (al-Muhashsha), Vol. 5 (1st ed.). Islamic Publications Office.

دانلودها

گاه‌شمار انتشار

چاپ شده
ارسال
بازنگری
پذیرش

شماره

نوع مقاله

مقالات

نحوه استناد به مقاله

عزیزی م., صادقی م., & دلشاد ا. . (1405). مفهوم وضعیت حقوقی عدم نفوذ در عقود. دانشنامه فقه و حقوق تطبیقی, 1-16. https://jecjl.com/index.php/jecjl/article/view/715

مقالات مشابه

11-20 از 50

همچنین برای این مقاله می‌توانید شروع جستجوی پیشرفته مقالات مشابه.

مقالات بیشتر خوانده شده از همین نویسنده